International Conference on
Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology

Diabetes is a defect in the body’s ability to convert excess glucose to glycogen. Two classes of antidiabetic drugs were identified and nateglinide is a sub-division of oral antidiabetic drugs belonging to Meglitinides family. Gaussian 09 code which use density function theory as working principle was used to study the geometric, infrared, Raman, 1H-NMR, 13C-MNR spectrum and density of state of the nateglinide antidiabetic drug using exchange functional B3LYP/6-311G. For the geometry optimization, it was observed that, there is appearance of a new additional bond between C12 and N4 which changes the natural nature of both 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. For infrared and Raman spectra, functional groups and polarizability were observed. However, the result of density of state shows the large band gap of 5.46758eV and most of the orbitals were occupied at lower valance band. Keywords: Nateglinide, Infrared, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, Density of state (DOS) and Raman Spectra.

Sulfur-doped titanium oxide on the surface of sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (S-TiO2/S-RGO) were successfully synthesized for the first time through a simple low cost solvothermal reaction process. The sulfur doping was detected in both TiO2 matrix and carbon framework structure of reduced graphene oxide using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Cross-sectional AFM analysis of S-RGO nanosheets reveals a thickness of 0.51 nm which is much thinner than those previously reported of heteroatom doped-RGO, confirming the single-layer feature. When the as-prepared (S-TiO2/S-RGO) nanocomposites are utilized as photoanodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, they exhibited an enhanced photoelectrochemical performance and long-term stability. The photocurrent density of S-TiO2/S-RGO(0.2) photoanode revealed 3.36 mA/cm2 at 1 V vs Ag/AgCl which is considered 3 times enhancement compared to bare synthesized TiO2. This enhancement in the photocurrent density was attributed to the increased separation rate of photogenerated electrons and holes and efficient visible light harvesting as a result of the successful combination of the S-TiO2 and the S-RGO in the same nanocomposite photoanode. This promising result presents a new approach for the synthesis of high-efficient future metal-free photoelectrocatalysts. Keywords: S-TiO2; S-RGO; photoanode; Photoelectrochemical water splitting.

Mrunal Patil has expertise in designing, formulating and evaluating lipid carriers for the treatment of fungal diseases. She has developed lipid-drug combination after years of learning fungal drug resistance patterns in K.E.M hospital and designing formulations at Institute of Chemical Technology. She has been awarded Newton Bhabha fellowship for carrying out research work in mechanism elucidation of active aminolipid carrier at Nottingham University, UK. She has a keen interest in design and developing safe, efficacious lipid-based Nano-formulation for resistant infectious diseases and is looking forward for more challenges in the said field.

Management of invasive candidiasis in immune compromised patients exhibits a major challenge for the clinicians since, antifungal monotherapy becomes ineffective. Moreover, switching between new antifungal agents and drug combinations intensify the situation by creating parallel adverse effects and drug toxicities. Furthermore, combining two drugs in a unit dosage form bring pharmaceutical challenges. This in turn, decreases the pharmacoeconomic efficiency in treatment associated with drug resistant candidiasis. Hence, we suggest replacing drug-drug therapy with drug-active lipid therapy,wherein the active lipid is a synthesized aminolipid based multifunctional carrier (PFA 18) which exhibit combinatorial synergy with existing first line antifungal agents like fluconazole and polyenes such as amphotericin B against clinically isolated drug resistant Candida species. As suggested by our computerized simulation studies, this lipid forms a strong hydrophobic and van der Waals interactions with antifungal agents supporting its stabilization into a nanoemulsion system. Sensitivity testing against gene deleted S. cerevisiae library also represented a possibility of effect on mitochondrial outer membrane and cell membrane of yeast. These activities were confirmed by flow cytometric mitochondrial assay and topographical cryoimaging studies. In vitro cytotoxicity confirmed that PFA 18 alone and in combinations with fluconazole/ amphotericin B did not show any cytotoxic effect on Hep2G or HEK cell lines. Moreover, in vivo acute toxicity testing of PFA 18 showed that its toxicity range lies between 200-300 mg/kg. In vivo efficacy studies in swiss albino mice model infected with multidrug resistance candida revealed that, PFA 18 played a major role in reducing drug dose, and toxicity thereby increasing the probability of survival.